恬逸是什么觉得？原理又是什么？
恬逸也就是comfort，或者说无压力感(Stress Free)[1]. 它包罗至少两个差别方面的内涵：低身体唤起/身体冲动形态(bodily arousal)[2][3][4][5]以及精神上的认知放松形态(cognitive relaxation)[6][7]. 前者指的是身体肌肉和感知方面的严重，凡是陪伴肾上腺激素的排泄增加。后者指的是认知上不施行摸索、进修(进修招致认知唤起从而招致痛苦感)或发现等使命。所以 低身体唤起/身体放松 意味着不在危险的处所/情况，没有停止过激的运动，没有身体疾病等；认知放松则意味着没有或少有精神/工做上的压力，在熟悉的认知情况中生活或工做[8]。
但温馨自己意味着悖论：我们不熬炼身体时候觉得温馨，但那不契合维持持久的身体安康；我们认知上放松时觉得温馨，但那也意味着我们不克不及突破旧的认知，进修新的事物。我们的大脑喜好不变的、熟悉的事物[9], 当我们要做一些新的测验考试时，大脑的反响至少包罗恐惧/严重[10]，那种严重是心理性的一定反映，那些说本身不惧怕新颖事物的人至少在某种水平上是说谎了。
持久的认知温馨意味着持久思惟者同样/类似的思惟，没有调整以及固化的刻板印象，那也意味着生活没有变革和改变。若是我们不主动地寻求新的体验和挑战，那么大脑就会天然的持久地处在如许的认知温馨区，构成认知习惯，做出越来越多不假思索的决定。认知上觉得固然温馨，但越来越乏味，从而的对生活失去兴趣。
当然，大脑自己还有另一套机造突破那一恶性轮回，也就是对别致感(Novelty)的追随[11]. 当持久的认知温馨下陪伴发作的乏味感越来越明显时候，别致感的驱动力加上乏味感的反推 会压过温馨感的驱动力，使人做出改动生活和认知情况的决定——跳出认知温馨区[12]。所以我们经常看到良多处在令人羡慕的不变工做和生活中的人们具有极强的动机改动本身的工做和生活——以喜好挑战的名义，做出一些明显不算好的冒险性大决定[13][14][15]。
参考^Ulrich-Lai, Y. M., Christiansen, A. M., Ostrander, M. M., Jones, A. A., Jones, K. R., Choi, D. C., ... & Solomon, M. B. (2010). Pleasurable behaviors reduce stress via brain reward pathways. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(47), 20529-20534.^Fredrikson, M., Furmark, T., Olsson, M. T., Fischer, H., Andersson, J., & Långström, B. (1998). Functional neuroanatomical correlates of electrodermal activity: a positron emission tomographic study. Psychophysiology, 35(2), 179-185.^Soufer, R., Bremner, J. D., Arrighi, J. A., Cohen, I., Zaret, B. L., Burg, M. M., & Goldman-Rakic, P. (1998). Cerebral cortical hyperactivation in response to mental stress in patients with coronary artery disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 95(11), 6454-6459.^Critchley, H. D., Corfield, D. R., Chandler, M. P., Mathias, C. J., & Dolan, R. J. (2000). Cerebral correlates of autonomic cardiovascular arousal: a functional neuroimaging investigation in humans. The Journal of physiology, 523(1), 259-270.^Critchley, H. D., Elliott, R., Mathias, C. J., & Dolan, R. J. (2000). Neural activity relating to generation and representation of galvanic skin conductance responses: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Journal of Neuroscience, 20(8), 3033-3040.^Rainville, P., Hofbauer, R. K., Paus, T., Duncan, G. H., Bushnell, M. C., & Price, D. D. (1999). Cerebral mechanisms of hypnotic induction and suggestion. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 11(1), 110-125.^Lazar, S. W., Bush, G., Gollub, R. L., Fricchione, G. L., Khalsa, G., & Benson, H. (2000). Functional brain mapping of the relaxation response and meditation. Neuroreport, 11(7), 1581-1585.^Critchley, H. D., Melmed, R. N., Featherstone, E., Mathias, C. J., & Dolan, R. J. (2001). Brain activity during biofeedback relaxation: a functional neuroimaging investigation. Brain, 124(5), 1003-1012.^Morales, M., Varlinskaya, E. I., & Spear, L. P. (2013). Anxiolytic effects of the GABAA receptor partial agonist, L-838,417: impact of age, test context familiarity, and stress. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 109, 31-37.^McEwen, B. S., Bowles, N. P., Gray, J. D., Hill, M. N., Hunter, R. G., Karatsoreos, I. N., & Nasca, C. (2015). Mechanisms of stress in the brain. Nature neuroscience, 18(10), 1353-1363.^Berns, G. S., Cohen, J. D., & Mintun, M. A. (1997). Brain regions responsive to novelty in the absence of awareness. Science, 276(5316), 1272-1275.^Barceló, F., Periáñez, J. A., & Knight, R. T. (2002). Think differently: A brain orienting response to task novelty. NeuroReport, 13(15), 1887-1892.^Wittmann, B. C., Daw, N. D., Seymour, B., & Dolan, R. J. (2008). Striatal activity underlies novelty-based choice in humans. Neuron, 58(6), 967-973.^Costa, V. D., Tran, V. L., Turchi, J., & Averbeck, B. B. (2014). Dopamine modulates novelty seeking behavior during decision making. Behavioral neuroscience, 128(5), 556.^Kelley, A. E., Schochet, T., & Landry, C. F. (2004). Risk taking and novelty seeking in adolescence: introduction to part I. In Adolescent Brain Development: Vulnerabilities and Opportunities, Sep, 2003, New York, NY, US; This paper is the result of the aforementioned conference which was cosponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Center for Continuing Education.. New York Academy of Sciences.Tags：